Ubuntu 10: Difference between revisions
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* apt-get install python-gdm2setup | * apt-get install python-gdm2setup | ||
* The log-in screen can then be customized by logging in on the GUI and going to System -> Administrative -> Login. | * The log-in screen can then be customized by logging in on the GUI and going to System -> Administrative -> Login. | ||
Alternatively: | |||
* add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/ppa | |||
* apt-get update | |||
* apt-get install ubuntu-tweak | |||
Revision as of 18:13, 4 October 2011
Installation
Installation i386 (32-bit)
- Download and burn the latest Ubuntu Server-Edition LTS ISO for i386 (8.04.3 used for these instructions)
- Boot from CD
Installation x86_64 (64-bit)
- Download and burn the latest Ubuntu Server-Edition LTS ISO for x86_64 (amd64) (10.04 used for these instructions)
- Boot from CD
Installation (both 32 and 64 bit)
- Select "English"
- Select "Install Ubuntu Server"
- Select "English"
- Select "United States"
- Detect keyboard layout -> NO
- Select "USA"
- Select "USA"
- !!! It will now attempt to use DHCP.. cancel this or select "Go Back" on the following screen
- Select "Configure network manually"
- Enter the IP address of the workstation. Ex: 10.20.3.15
- Enter the Netmask of "255.255.255.0"
- Enter the Gateway of "10.20.3.1"
- Enter the Nameservers "10.20.70.16 10.20.70.17"
- Hostname: Set the FQDN of the machine as the hostname. Ex: clarke.cs.transy.edu
- Select "Eastern" time zone
Partitioning (Single Disk)
- Select the "Manual" method
- Use the arrow keys to highlight the disk (usually sda) and press enter
- Confirm the dialog to create a new empty partition table.
- Select the "FREE SPACE" and press enter.
- Create the following partitions:
- (All of the computer's space except 2 GB), primary, mountpoint: /, use as: ext3, options: bootable
- 2 GB, logical, use as: swap
- Select "Finish Partitioning" and write the changes to disk
Partitioning (Software RAID 1)
For Systems where RAID has been set up
- Select the "Manual" method
- Use the arrow keys to highlight the large RAID disk
- Change type to Ext3
- Mount Point is /
- Format the drive.
- Make RAID 0 bootable
- Check to make sure the small RAID disk is set to swap.
For New Systems
- Select the "Manual" method
- Use the arrow keys to highlight each disk and press enter
- Confirm the dialog to create a new empty partition table on both drives.
- Select the "FREE SPACE" on each drive and create a (TotalSize - 2gb) primary partition (at the Beginning)
- Select Use as: Physical volume for RAID
- Select "Done setting up partition"
- Select the "FREE SPACE" below the partition you just created
- Use the remaining space on that first drive for another primary partition (at the Beginning)
- Select Use as: Physical volume for RAID
- REPEAT for second drive
- Select "Configure software RAID" at the top
- Confirm the changes (which have to be committed before configuring RAID)
- Select "Create MD Device"
- Select "RAID1"
- Number of active devices: 2
- Number of spare devices: 0
- Select /dev/sda1 and /dev/sdb1 then continue
- Create a second MD Device with /dev/sda2 and /dev/sdb2 just as the previous 5 steps
- Select "Finish"
- In the partitioner, select the first RAID device and Use as: ext3, Mount point: /
- Lastly, select the second RAID device and Use as: swap area then select "Finish partitioning and write changes" to disk at the bottom.
Finish Up
- Select "No configuration" for th email server.
- Full name for new user: lab
- Username for your account: lab
- Password: qazzaq (this user will be deleted later)
- Verify Password
- Leave the HTTP proxy box empty and select "Continue"
- Note: If it freezes "Scanning the mirror" unplug and replug the ethernet cable once.
- Select "No" when prompted about encryption
- Select "No Automatic Updates" when prompted about updates.
- Software to install: Select "OpenSSH server" and select "Continue"
- The system will finish configuring and ask you to "Continue" before it reboots.
Configuration
- This section is done via SSH as a convenience for installing multiple systems.. but can be done from the keyboard.
- ssh lab@ipaddress
- sudo su -
- passwd root (set the current root password)
- exit
- exit
- ssh root@ipaddress
- userdel lab
- rm -rf /home/lab
- apt-get update
- apt-get upgrade
- apt-get dist-upgrade
Switch to Generic Kernel
- Since the Ubuntu kernels have virtualization built in which is not compatible with nvidia drivers. Even after this is resolved, it is still nice to run the official kernel.org generic sources. Very compatible.
- ls /boot
- apt-get install linux-image-generic linux-doc linux-source-2.6.XX (replace XX with the LATEST kernel sub-version output from ls /boot)
- apt-get remove linux-image-2.6.XX-YY-server --purge (again XX from ls /boot)
- REBOOT!
- ssh root@HOST.cs.transy.edu
Configuring LDAP Authentication
- First we need to get GDM (the graphical login) and its dependencies installed so..
- apt-get install gdm
- apt-get install auth-client-config libpam-ldap libnss-ldap ldap-auth-client ldap-auth-config
- LDAP server Uniform Resource Identifier: ldap://10.20.3.8
- Distinguished name of the search base: dc=cs,dc=transy,dc=edu
- LDAP version to use: 3
- Make local root Database admin: NO
- Does the LDAP database require login?: NO
- Edit /etc/ldap.conf and change the following values:
- host 10.20.3.8
- base dc=cs,dc=transy,dc=edu
- uri ldap://10.20.3.8
- bind_policy soft
- Edit /etc/ldap/ldap.conf
- BASE dc=cs,dc=transy,dc=edu
- URI ldap://10.20.3.8
- Edit /etc/auth-client-config/profile.d/transy
[transy]
nss_passwd=passwd: ldap files
nss_group=group: ldap files
nss_shadow=shadow: ldap files
nss_netgroup=netgroup: ldap files
pam_auth=auth required pam_env.so
auth sufficient pam_unix.so likeauth nullok
auth sufficient pam_ldap.so use_first_pass
auth required pam_deny.so
pam_account=account sufficient pam_unix.so
account sufficient pam_ldap.so
account required pam_deny.so
pam_password=password sufficient pam_unix.so nullok md5 shadow use_authtok
password sufficient pam_ldap.so use_first_pass
password required pam_deny.so
pam_session=session required pam_limits.so
session required pam_unix.so
session optional pam_ldap.so
- auth-client-config -a -p transy
- Add the following line near the very top of /etc/pam.d/gdm AND /etc/pam.d/login
auth optional pam_group.so
- Add the following to the BOTTOM of /etc/security/group.conf:
# This will force all users that logon into these groups
login;*;*;Al0000-2400;cdrom,floppy,plugdev,audio,dip
kdm;*;*;Al0000-2400;cdrom,floppy,plugdev,audio,dip,video
gdm;*;*;Al0000-2400;cdrom,floppy,plugdev,audio,dip,video
- Test LDAP authentication - if "id USERNAME" returns with info about the user... all is good.
root@clarke:~# id kmoorman
uid=1129(kmoorman) gid=110(faculty) groups=110(faculty),800(camp),2100(linux)
Filesystems
- apt-get install nfs-common
- mkdir /classes
- mkdir /labdata
- Edit /etc/fstab
Single Disk
- Replace entire file with:
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
/dev/sda1 / ext3 relatime,errors=remount-ro 0 1
/dev/sda5 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0
/dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0
# NFS Filesystems
10.20.3.8:/data/exportfs/home /home nfs defaults,rw
10.20.3.8:/data/exportfs/classes /classes nfs defaults,rw
10.20.3.8:/data/exportfs/labdata /labdata nfs defaults,rw
- exit
- Log-in to Babbage
- edit /etc/exports
- exportfs -a
- exit
- ssh root@IP
- mount -a
RAID 1
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
/dev/md0 / ext3 relatime,errors=remount-ro 0 1
/dev/md1 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0
/dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0
# NFS Filesystems
10.20.3.8:/data/exportfs/home /home nfs defaults,rw
10.20.3.8:/data/exportfs/classes /classes nfs defaults,rw
10.20.3.8:/data/exportfs/labdata /labdata nfs defaults,rw
- mount -a
- Ensure the NFS filesystems loaded with "ls /home" "ls /classes" "ls /labdata"
Install Software
- scp 10.20.3.8:/root/keep/jdk* .
apt-get install amarok mplayer firefox thunderbird blackbox fluxbox gimp blender vim emacs xemacs21 nano gedit nedit jedit gcc php5 perl ruby python audacity pidgin gdb xfce4 vlc openoffice.org hpijs cupsys swi-prolog htop screen kdm mutt eclipse libglui-dev libglui2c2 libxi-dev libxmu-dev libglut3-dev libglut3 spim tk make ant xorg k3b kubuntu-desktop ubuntu-desktop mesa-utils nfs-common ffmpeg flashplugin-nonfree mozilla-plugin-vlc alsa-utils lbreakout2 subversion subversion-tools patch libsvn-perl libsvn-ruby python-subversion g++ gcc build-essential libglui-dev libglui2c2 libxi-dev libxmu-dev mysql-client lynx kompozer kompozer-dev lbreakout2
- Dialog from above command:
- Default display manager: choose "gdm"
- No configuration.
Install Java
- add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu lucid partner"
- apt-get update
- apt-get install sun-java6-jre sun-java6-plugin sun-java6-fonts
CMUCL (Lisp)
64-bit Arch
- apt-get install common-lisp-controller
- scp 10.20.3.8:/root/keep/cmucl* .
- dpkg --force-architecture -i ./cmucl*
Remove Compiz
- apt-get remove --purge compiz compiz-core compiz-fusion-plugins-extra compiz-fusion-plugins-main compiz-gnome compiz-plugins compizconfig-backend-gconf libcompizconfig0 libdecoration0 libx11-xcb1 mesa-utils
Printing (CUPS)
Printer Info:
Name: Starkweather
Host: starkweather.cs.transy.edu
IP: 10.20.3.6
Model: HP Color Laserjet 4500N
Trays: 1
Name: Watson
Host: watson.cs.transy.edu
IP: 10.20.3.7
Model: Lexmark T642 (B&W)
Trays: 1
starkweather
- apt-get install hplip libcupsys2-dev cupsys-bsd openssl libjpeg62-dev libsnmp-dev libtool libusb-dev libsane-dev sane-utils
- Log-in ON COMPUTER as root.
- Go to System -> Administration -> Printing
- Select "Add"
- Network Printer-> HP JetDirect
- Enter S10.20.3.6 and Port 9100
- Forward
- Memory: 128 MB - 159 MB
- Name: starkweather
- Human-readable Name: HP Color LaserJet 4500
- Location: BSC 106
watson
- scp 10.20.3.8:/root/keep/Lexmark*
- lpadmin -p watson -v socket://10.20.3.7:9100 -L "BSC 106" -D "Lexmark T642" -P ./Lexmark-T642-Postscript.ppd -E
- Set watson as default printer
- lpadmin -d watson
Hosts
- Add these entries to /etc/hosts
- Be sure to remove the original line in /etc/hosts for that host (no duplicates, please)
# Servers
10.20.3.4 hollerith.cs.transy.edu hollerith
10.20.3.9 kay.cs.transy.edu kay
10.20.3.8 babbage.cs.transy.edu babbage
# Workstations
## SGI
10.20.3.3 calvin.cs.transy.edu calvin
10.20.3.13 holberton.cs.transy.edu holberton
10.20.3.5 sammett.cs.transy.edu sammett
10.20.3.30 morello.cs.transy.edu morello
10.20.3.19 hoover.cs.transy.edu hoover
10.20.3.26 forsythe.cs.transy.edu forsythe
## Linux
10.20.3.29 bartik.cs.transy.edu bartik
10.20.3.15 burks.cs.transy.edu burks
10.20.3.14 clarke.cs.transy.edu clarke
10.20.3.25 fox.cs.transy.edu fox
10.20.3.23 garrett.cs.transy.edu garrett
10.20.3.21 granville.cs.transy.edu granville
10.20.3.11 hopper.cs.transy.edu hopper
10.20.3.12 lovelace.cs.transy.edu lovelace
10.20.3.28 winters.cs.transy.edu winters
## Mac
10.20.3.31 wozniak.cs.transy.edu wozniak
# Color HP Laser Printer
10.20.3.6 starkweather.cs.transy.edu starkweather
# B&W Lexmark Laser Printer
10.20.3.7 watson.cs.transy.edu watson
At Boot
- update-rc.d -f apache2 remove
- update-rc.d -f apparmor remove
Log-in Customization
- add-apt-repository ppa:gdm2setup/gdm2setup
- apt-get update
- apt-get install python-gdm2setup
- The log-in screen can then be customized by logging in on the GUI and going to System -> Administrative -> Login.
Alternatively:
- add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/ppa
- apt-get update
- apt-get install ubuntu-tweak